King Kamose Famous Egyptian Pharaohs kings in Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt | The Secrets of Rulers Pharaohs, History King Kames fighting against the Hyksos of Ancient Egypt | Facts Coffin & Mummy and more about Ancient Egypt History.
Story of the most important kings of the pharaohs fighting against the Hyksos in the civilization of Ancient Egypt.
The secrets of the life of the last pharaoh of the 17th Thebes dynasty and how he died and the Ancient Egyptian Papyrus found telling us his role in protecting the Pharaonic civilization.
King Kamose Facts
Ruled Reign period in Ancient Egyptian Government: 1554–1549 BC
Father: King Seqenenre Tao
Mother: Queen Ahhotep I “Female Pharaohs”
Wife: Queen Ahhotep II.
Children: Ahmose-Sitkamose.
The Discovery – Egyptian Antiquities:
- Pharaonic Ancient Egyptian Coffins,
- Pharaonic tomb in “Egyptian Tombs” Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja in Luxor,
- Dagger made of gold and silver “Ancient Egyptian Metallurgy“,
- Mirror made of bronze.
What did King Kamose accomplish?
- Military campaigns and wars against the Hyksos north of Thebes.
- Two paintings depicting the wars and victories of King Kamose over the Hyksos have been discovered in the region of Awaris “Egypt Archaeological Sites“, the capital of the Hyksos in the delta, as well as details about the king’s triumphant return to the enemies in a good city again.
How did King Kamose die?
The king died of a blow from a soldier Hyksos during the one-year battle in the city of Ambos, it is worth noting that King Kamose recommended King Ahmose I from Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt in The New Kingdom with a will to his grandmother Queen Tetisheri: he followed his deceased father King Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf II.
Where was King Kamose buried?
Abbott Papyrus was moved from the main cemetery of the Valley of the Kings to the area of Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja, to preserve the coffin and Mummy from the Ancient Egyptian Grave Robbers.
The king’s coffin was discovered in 1857 by archaeologist and Egyptology Mariette, but the condition of the mummy was very weak and fragile and some funerary.
- A gold and silver dagger is currently in the Museum of Brussels in Belgium.
- A bronze statuette of a woman is currently in the Louvre Museum Paris.
- Papyrus & Abbott Papyrus.
- Pharaonic Scarab
- A collection of pharaonic spells as in Magic in ancient Egypt.
King Kamose, who does not seem famous to the public of non-specialists in Egyptology, no doubt with the scarf of glory and pottery, led the liberation of Egypt, which was occupied by the Hyksos for more than a century and succeeded in the early stages of this liberation.
During the reign of one of the kings of Tahsa, we read to the historian Josephus, who copied on Manethon, the holy rage against us, and the surprise was from sunrise, when an unknown people dared to conquer our country as in Geography of ancient Egypt, without difficulty and without fighting, captured by force, brutally burned the cities, destroyed the Mortuary Temples of the Egyptian deities as in Ancient Egyptian religion, treated the citizens rudely, massacred some of them, and took their slave children and women next to me.
How did the Hyksos invade Egypt?
And what evil has settled in this country! The Egyptians of that time could have avoided it if they had had the sentiments clearly expressed by King Senusret III from Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt in Middle Kingdom of Egypt, but his successor King Amenemhat III was already interested in the development of the country as well as its defense, and the kings of the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt by King Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep were generally in a state of total helplessness.
Who are these people to whom we refer in the term “Hyksos” taken from the same source as the previous text, which is written in Ancient Egyptian Language “Heqa -Khasout” “the shepherds of foreign countries? These Hyksos, about whom we have written so much, are nothing but the generals, and they have long been in contact with the Egyptians. An educated king left us an image of a little praise:
For the sordid public, misery is the land in which they live, in these calamitous waters and in these secret forests. The roads are not adapted to the existence of the mountains, and cannot stay in place, his feet do not stop moving, he has been fighting since the time of the Gods without defeating or winning, and then he does not announce the day of the battle, because it is he who will perform the evil strike. Don’t worry about yourself because. He loots an isolated estate but does not dare to come to an overcrowded city.
The name Amo literally applies to the Arabs, as does the description of Ancient Egyptian Literature for them, and we indiscriminately use one or the other name, and when these invaders are tired of looting, they think of the domination of the country, and they say they imitate the kings in one way or another the pharaohs. They took Awaris as their capital, an ancient city inhabited by clerics and will be called Tanis.
They took God Set nationwide, the most Egyptian gods compared to the god Baal. They found them allies from southern Aswan, with an alliance with some Egyptians, especially those who worship Seth, and worked hard to seize all the fixed and transferred funds.
In the end, these kings, of whom we know something in Egyptian texts, are called betrayals and three are called Apophis, which we distinguish from their first names: Neb Khepesh Ra, Aqin Ra, A’a and SerRa.
These invaders apparently occupied all of Egypt for a while, but resistance joined against them, and the southern cities escaped their control and were ruled by local princes.
King of Hyksos needed the excitement of his contemporary, who lives in Thebes and is called Seqnen Ra, and he engraved a text on beautiful statues of the templeof Awaris, a short text written in bad hieroglyphics: “The good God Aqin Ra, son ofthe sun, Apopi, gives life, beloved Seth” Finally, he sent the prince of Thebes a message provoking him directly. We know this message from a text that has often been quoted and commented on, but some contemporary scholars do not give it much historical importance.
King Kamose – Egypt is in a vulnerable phase:
While Egypt was in its misery and there was no king, life, sharing and axe, King Apopi, who worships only the last six gods for whom he had just built a temple “Egyptian Temples” next to his palace on Nile River, sent the Prince of Thebes a message of which he suggested the content of his books: Stay away from the hippo swamps to the east of the city, as they keep me awake day and night and the noise they create disturbs the inhabitants of the city.
This is ironic, because how can hippos playing in the lake near Thebes be heard by the Prince’s men at Awaris, about 900 km away? But let’s not forget that the kings of antiquity sent riddles and that Solomon was a master in this community. Seqnen Ra consulted the grand council of his court, but the story is told here and we do not know what the next plan was, they may have called it war, because the mummy of Prince Seqnen Ra was treated with traces of several wounds.
But here we are on solid foundations. The wife of Seqnen Ra: Iaah Hotep gave birth to two sons: King Kamose and Ahmose, the eldest King Kamose is now in the conversation.
What is the King Kamose Stela?
Three successive documents have emerged that have influenced our information about his reign: first, a text carved on wood with a historical text on one side and on the other with a literary text, then a broken stella and finally a complete stella. We made sure that the broken map and paint bear the same text that tells what happened at the beginning of the King Kamose era.
The king met his counsel and informed him of the situation, which was not good: “I wanted to know what you found on my courage, it is a prince sitting in Awaris, and it is another sitting in Nubia, and here I was brought between Awaris, and Nubia and they both began to share the land of Egypt.
“These Bedouins (Hyksos) entered the country, and I would not have liked them to reach Memphis, but they reached Achemoniane.” No one remains burdened by Asian taxes, I will face him and his belly, my heart with the liberation of Egypt and the beating of the Bedouins. »
And that’s what happened, and the consultants understood the difficult adventure that didn’t know them.
“The senior officials of his council have spoken: it is the water of the Bedouins up to Qous. They speak together in their own language. But here in Egypt at our convenience, two strong and central elphins (central Egypt) with us up to Qous, and I make their cultivated fields for our cattle in the pastures and barley comes to us fodder for our pigs, and they did not take our cattle by force.
They have the land of the Bedouins we have the black earth, and if someone attacks us, then we will go and confront them. »
In short, the Council did not want to do anything, we are not missing anything, and barley comes to us with fodder for our pigs and cattle that bathe in the marshes. All this was not in the writing of the king, who sees himself as invited to play the role of liberator throughout Egypt.
“I will land the river as a hero to eliminate the Bedouins in accordance with the order of God Amun, the owner of the court plans, and my brave soldiers in front of me like the glare of the flames, and the madjayo archers (assistants) came out of the forts in order to throw the Asians and destroy their places to know more about Agriculture in Ancient Egypt.
East and West bring fat, my army is supplied with everything, I sent the brave madjayo and I spent time (trying to deport) Tet son of Apopi inside Neferousi, and I will not let him escape.
The army, composed of the Madjayo, moved, and found no resistance except in Neferousi, a central fortified city, where Itni son of Bebe (written abbi) had barricaded himself. It is curious to see the names of the ancient kings used by the leaders of the Hyksos, and they will not allow them to escape, and the day of the attack will come:
“I spent the night aboard the boat, and the earth shone, and I rushed over it as the falcon descended, and when the time to eat and the time to eat came and the time of his mouth was broken, his walls were destroyed, his men were massacred, and his wives were brought to the pier of the river, and my soldiers were like lions around the prey, leading servants and cattle before them, carrying milk, oils, and tuberculosis, and dividing the spoils. »
But the capture of Neferousi was of little importance to know more about Food in ancient Egypt.
“There was another empty locality when we arrived, and they left the equipment of their vehicles (this is the oldest witness of the use of chariots).”
The text is cut here, and we do not know what the consequences of this first success were.
Stellas of King Kamose in the Temple of Karnak:
But King Kamose immortalized his victory on two stellas, perhaps built, one next to the other at the Karnak Temple, written in the same direction.
The second painting is complete and was found used based on one of the statues and at an opportune time erected (probably next to the first) in the courtyard of the temple of Amun.
The stella begins suddenly: with sarcastic speeches and the declaration of war, where the causes of war are sometimes mysteriously mixed with future predictions. King Kamose is considered the master of Awaris and judged his opponent defeated. Some comments believe that King Kamose have taken control of the enemy capital.
“Your vile back will be revealed when my soldiers follow you, and the women will not carry minerals, and their hearts will not beat in their bodies after hearing the war cries drawn by my soldiers.”
As always, the pharaoh is another Horus and his soldiers are hawks, unlike the dignity less soldiers of Awaris, and their presidents think about how to hide, and for his natural ally King of Ertono, he has remained cautious in his country.
“I noticed his wife (king of Awaris) on its balconies checking the shores through the traps
, putting their noses on the walls, like young owls in their dens.
“Here I am, with luck, and the opportunity that presents itself to me.
“I swear with security, and I do not swear to you, I will no longer let you set foot in my fields, (the king of the Hyksos no longer swears by pharaoh), your heart has flown and weakened, you are vile general! Here I am retrieving the wine from your vines, which he has pressed me.
“I will destroy your residence, uproot your trees, throw your wives (on my ships) and take your warcha rs.”
It is a preventive paragraph, because King Kamose sees himself as the master of the waterof Awaris and free to own boats made ofpine wood, all new and three hundred in number, and a wonderful song of gold, silver, lapis lazuli, turquoise, treasures without number, oil, gum, fat, and honey…. All precious wood, all products from Ertono.
I took everything without leaving anything and Awaris lamented
We see the general answer: I am the master of the country without any other, from the Achemoniene (Hermopolis Magna in central Egypt) to the bar of Hathor (near Ismailia) via the Auris on the Nile, I will eliminate all this and there is no one here (to stop me).
Their cities were destroyed, the cellar was degraded, and everyone was painted red forever because of the damage they caused to Egypt who made them hear the call of the generals who attacked Egypt, their lady.
Through these insults and mutual criticisms, we can find valuable information:
First: the fact of the invasion of the Hyksos, because many historians deny it or reduce its size, and it extends from the old border to the Achemoneine, and Awaris the capital, and the king ofes Hiksos Apophis was linked to the king of Syria and his pine wood ships built in Jubail for supply Cities that need to expand and take the surplus from other cities.
They are for their Bedouin enemies (Amo), but we laugh a lot for them. The Prince of Thebes seems to have launched a surprise attack on Neferousi, and it was a response to the insult of Apophis, which was too far away as in Military of ancient Egypt.
Now, entering into the events, King Kamose was not right when hecomplained in his council that he was trapped between Asia and Nubia, he felt threatened by war on two fronts. When events took a disturbing turn, the king of Awaris, minister of Ra son of the sun Apophis, sent a letter to the king of Kouche accusing him of not moving at the time of King Kamose attack on his border.
I did not use him to do everything he did against you, he chose two countries to attack them: my country and yours, and he ruined them, landed with the river, and did not hesitate. While I was here (in the war), there was no one in Egypt to arrest or defend you and we will divide the cities of Egypt. »
It was a beautiful plan, but unfortunately for the king of Awaris, King Kamose soldiers stopped carrying his message, which did not hide his joy. “Everyone is happy and overwhelmed with joy, the king, and the news came to punish the sinners, I worked to submit to all the foreign countries, the lands and the Nile, and they did not find a way to escape, I did not neglect the order of my soldiers. I took nothing from the land of the one who respected me and I landed the river to fight you, and when he found us, he saw our flame fleeing from the land of Kouche on his way to find his place.
I stopped him on the way (the messenger), and I did not let him reach his goal, but after taking him away, my forces rushed to his heart and his body shivered when his messenger informed him of what I had done on the territory of the province of the black dog, which was still under his control.
I will lead the brave who will invade the oases, while I was in a snitch to avoid a revolution against me as in Revolutions in Ancient Egypt. »
Just take a look at the maps to know how big is what happened after the capture of Neferousi, a messenger walked the desert road from oasis to oasis, to convey the speech of the king ofes Hiksos to the king of Kouche, and when he was arrested, he let him walk away to bring his master the good news, and to prevent similar incidents, and the Egyptian soldiers presented the oasis of the navy, while King Kamose completely captured Sakha, the city of Seth in the province of the Dog, and confirmed recognizes the power of the king of Awaris and to prevent any attack and did not advance King Kamose more From there, the flood began and the military operations stopped, and the king who has lost nothing will rest in Assiut, and the happy inhabitants have asked him to put an end to their suffering.
The liberation process began, with Memphis, Heliopolis, and other important cities still under the control of Al-Anu: it is not known whether King Kamose entered Memphis or not? How long did he live next? Is he dead or killed? Or did he die in battle? Some even claim to have two, including a King Kamose, which has never been proven.
He saved for his brother, the most enthusiastic achievement of this great work, the expulsion of the Hyksos and Nubians and the construction of a large stele to commemorate the victory.
Tomb of King Kamose:
In his last years, King Kamose was busy building his tomb next to the tombs of his ancestors, kings and princes of the seventeenth dynasty, at the foot of the hills of Draa Abu Al-Naja. Workers who were digging for khedive in the mid-19th century in search of gold discovered the tomb of Queen Iaah Hotep, the wife of the brave Ta’a, and the mother of King Kamose, the coffin is completely gilded and contains wonderful accessories.
Mariette, who was informed at the last minute that the director’s boat had stopped and was able to threaten him and sometimes convince him to get the ornaments, but it was in very bad condition, because they forcibly snatched it from a large quantity that was placed in a high place, and he rushed to Alexandria and told the pasha what was so funny until he managed to make fun of he.
He kept only a gold chain for one of his ladies and some of the jewelry he quickly returned, so a luxury collection entered the Bolaq museum “Museums of Egypt”. Most of the most beautiful pieces were made in Atelier from or just before the era of King Kamose. Some of them were added to it, from the time of Ahmose, like an axe decorated with a fairy animal, and a king slaughtering a Hyksos, other axes and daggers.
In comparison, King Kamose tools were ratherweak, containing a souvenir boat equipped with paddle equipment, a four-wheeled carriage, a gold-plated fan handle and a ceremonial axe that entered the Epivans collection.
King Kamose was the son of a warrior king who was brave, himself in an unthinkable way and handled the difficult period with real skill.
The seventeenth dynasty ended wonderfully around 1580 BC.
Note: Facts and secrets of the history of the Pharaoh kings will be added soon…
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