Abusir Archaeological Site in Giza, Cairo, Egypt
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Abusir Facts
Discover the facts about the ancient Egyptian civilization about the Egyptian Tombs and the discoveries of the mastabas of the ancient Egyptian kingdom civilization “Old Kingdom of Egypt“, Pharaohs, the map, the design and layout of the pharaonic tomb from the inside and how to reach it and more about the history of the pharaonic civilization “Ancient Egypt History“.
The Abu Sir area is an archaeological area located in the south of the Giza area and in the north of the Saqqara area, and it is approximately 4.5 kilometers long..
The name of the Abu Sir area is derived from the ancient Egyptian name (Per Osir), which means that it is the seat of the God Osiris, the most famous of the ancient Egyptian deities – Ancient Egyptian gods and Goddesses in the Ancient Egyptian religion.
Historical facts about the tombs of the pyramids of Abu Sir
The Abusir area also includes a number of tombs belonging to the Egyptian Pharaohs kings of the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt, including the Pyramid of Sahure, which belongs to King Sahure, the Pyramid Neferirkare, which belongs to King Neferirkare, and the Pyramid of Neferefre, which belongs to King Neferefre, in addition to the Pyramid of Nyuserre Ini, which belongs to King Nyuserre Ini.
This is of course in addition to the Sun Temples, as it includes the Sun Temple, which was built during the era of king Userkaf, the Pyramid of Userkaf, and also the Sun Temple “Sun Temple of Userkaf“, the most famous Egyptian Temples, but for King Ny-User-Ra, in addition to the Sun Temple, which belongs to King Sahure..
It is worth mentioning now that these pyramids had already been almost completely destroyed by Ananna, as the core of these pyramids had been built of mud bricks, while these funerary Mortuary Temples were still standing today because they were built and constructed of stones, indicating the development of the art of Sculpture in Ancient Egypt and the arts of Architecture in ancient Egypt.
There are also a number of pyramids in the Abusir archaeological cemetery area that belong to a group of pharaohs from the Fifth Dynasty..
This area is actually located in the south of Giza and in the north of Fayoum city and is located on the west bank of the Nile River.
The kings of the Fifth Dynasty had already chosen this area, as the Giza Plateau was crowded at the time with the basins of The Pyramids of Giza, The Sphinx of Giza (Great Pyramid of Giza, Pyramid of Khafre, Pyramid of Menkaure), which had been built by the pharaohs of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt.
The pyramid complex of King Sahure in the Abusir pyramid area
The Turin Papyrus, the most famous Ancient Egyptian Papyrus, mentions that King Sahure had ruled Egypt for up to 12 years, as Manetho mentioned that he had ruled in ancient Egypt “Ancient Egyptian Government” for up to 13 years..
While his recent observation that it came on the Palermo Stone indicates that the rule of that master could not have been less than 14 years, considering that he actually witnessed this seventh census of all the cattle in existence during his reign.
But King Sahure built his own pyramid in the Abusir cemetery area, which was approximately 48 metres high, and the length of its base side was approximately 78 metres, with an angle of inclination of 36 and 50 degrees..
But that pyramid was completely and severely destroyed, and only a few pieces remained of its original cladding, which was made up of a group of white Tura limestone stones (Ancient Egyptian Metallurgy)..
Abu Sir Pyramid in the Abu Sir Pyramids Cemetery Area
Indeed, the entrance to this pyramid is located, as is customary in all the pyramids of that ancient state, on the northern side, and it is also located at ground level, indicating the development of Ancient Egyptian science and Astronomy in ancient Egypt.
This main entrance leads us to a long corridor, approximately 8 metres long, and the corridor is blocked by a granite rampart, then there is an ascending corridor with a slight or slight slope, approximately 25 metres long..
It finally leads to the burial chamber, which is actually rectangular in shape, and has a gabled roof consisting of almost three layers stacked on top of each other..
This burial chamber was built entirely from a group of stones made of local Tura material..
Valley Temple in Abusir Cemetery Area
The Valley Temple, located in the area of the Abu Sir pyramid cemeteries, had this annex to the Sahure pyramid and had two harbors, one facing the east and the other facing the south..
The length of this temple is approximately 40 meters from north to south, and its width is approximately 30 meters from east to west..
For those who are interested, the Valley Temple is now in ruins, although the lower part of it on the way up to the pyramid area, which is approximately 235 metres long, is still relatively well preserved..
This road actually connected the valley temple directly on the beach to the end of the mortuary temple directly next to the pyramid..
The Abusir archaeological area, which contains the famous Abusir pyramids, is located in the south of Giza Governorate and approximately 4.5 kilometers north of the Saqqara pyramid and monuments..
He had already derived the name Abusir from the famous ancient Egyptian name of the Pharaonic era, Per-Osiris, which meant the special headquarters for the worship of the god Osiris..
We also find that the Abusir archaeological area includes the tombs of all these kings who were the rulers of the Fifth Dynasty, including the distinctive pyramid of King Sahure and the pyramid of King Nefer-Ir-Ka-Re, also known as Kakai..
And many of these different ancient pyramids, or ancient Pharaonic pyramids, in addition, of course, to the presence of the sun temples, which included the sun temple, which belonged only to King Userkaf..
This is of course with the Sun Temple of King Sahure, which was located approximately 1.7 kilometers north of the Abusir area..
In fact, the Valley Temple located in Abu Sir, which is attached to the pyramid of Sahure, had two harbors, one of which faced east, while the other faced south..
The length of this ancient temple is approximately 40 metres from north to south, and its width is approximately 30 metres from east to west..
But let us emphasize a very important matter, which is that the Valley Temple in Abu Sir is now almost completely destroyed, but the lower part of it, which represents the road leading up to the pyramid, and which is a part that is approximately 235 meters long, is the part that is still preserved until now..
This road also connects the Valley Temple, which is located on the beach, to the mortuary temple, which was actually built directly next to the pyramid area..
Funerary temple
In fact, the funerary temple of King Sahure in the Abu Sir pyramids area begins with the entrance, which can be said to be completely ruined. However, it is now known to us that both its floor and walls were made at that time of limestone, indicating the development of Industry in ancient Egypt.
Immediately following the entrance is this open archaeological courtyard, the floor of which was made of basalt stone, which is characterised by its extreme hardness..
Its walls were made of limestone, which was decorated with engravings that represented this king succeeding in defeating his enemies, indicating the strength of the army Military of ancient Egypt.
Abu Sir Archaeological Area in Giza, Egypt | Facts and History of the Most Important Archaeological Areas in Badrashin, Temples and Tombs That Have Been Discovered and Containing the Abu Sir Pyramids Area, How Much Is the Entry Ticket, Official Working Hours and More.
Note: Facts and secrets of the history will be added soon…
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