Great Pyramid of Giza – Pyramid of King Khufu “Cheops” in Cairo, Egypt | Discover the secrets of building The Pyramids of Giza, how the stones were transported and transferred, the architectural design of the pyramid from the inside, historical facts that you did not know before, and more.
Facts, History, Secrets Pyramid of King Khufu “Cheops”, Why is famous, How old, Who was built for, What is inside, Interior Design and Decoration, Opening Hours, Entrance Fee, Location and more…
Facts, history, secrets and what are the wonders of the pyramid of King Khufu, one of the three pyramids of Giza, visiting dates, entry ticket prices and more to start your tour in Egypt.
Great Pyramid of Giza is an architectural masterpiece that still preserves its beauty until now. It is one of the three huge and wonderful pyramids located in Giza, which is also one of the Seven Wonders of the World due to its huge and meticulous construction. The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest in the world.
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Great Pyramid of Giza – Pyramid of King Khufu
The reason for choosing the Giza Plateau:
After a careful study of all sites in the Giza, Dahshur and Saqqara area by the engineer Architect Hemiunu, I suggest King Khufu “Fourth Dynasty of Egypt“ Building The Ben Ben pyramid “Benben”or the eternal hill, according toReligious rituals in the Pharaonic in ancient Egypt For several reasons, namely…
- The rocky plateau high above the ground and located in a prime location close to the pyramids King Sneferu “Egyptian Pharaohs kings” The capital, buildings, and royal palaces of the Egyptian Fourth Pharaonic Dynasty.
- It was close to the Bahr Youssef Mina Canal from the east, which sends water The Nile River With the flood, he could then move the huge rocks, where he rose King Hor-Aha The most famous kings Pharaohs in First Dynasty of Egypt by cutting it along the Nile River for a length of 200 kilometers and then taking a path towards the city Fayoum Then another path towards the Libyan Sea, eventually flowing into the Mediterranean Sea near the city Alexandria
- It is close to a mountainous area, so that it is easy to cut stones and transport them to the Great Pyramid of Giza.
- The floor of the plateau is characterized by the emergence of solid, high-quality limestone formations, “Mokattam Formations,” to withstand weight, pressure, and climatic conditions, which indicates the development of geology in Ancient Egypt More than one surrounding site was studied by ancient engineers, until this ideal place was chosen to build the pyramid.
- The plot of land located at the northern end was taken to build the Great Pyramid of Giza, while the southern plot was used to build the tombs of the nobles and successors of King Khufu.
Facts about building Great Pyramid of Giza:
- The architectural drawing was designed on paper Papyrus Or large stone slabs of limestone and building models and small models of the geometric shape of the burial chambers, corridors and architectural design inside and outside the Great Pyramid of Giza and presenting them to King Khufu. “A model of a burial chamber was discovered inside a temple Bent Pyramid Belonging to a king Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt.
- Architects were chosen from those with qualifications, experience, and knowledge and study of science Astronomy and engineering the Mathematics and Physics and natural sciences men, to follow up and supervise the stages of building the pyramid.
How to build Great Pyramid of Giza?
The stage of determining the northern direction:
The first theory:
The area of the base of the Great Pyramid of Giza was determined with all its sides at an angle of inclination of one degree. The method of building a circular wall made of mud brick with a height of approximately 1 meter was used.
Then a person stands in the middle and uses astronomical calculations and determines the level using a channel of water and a loose measuring device.
Then he begins to draw Explanatory marks on the ground, then drawing lines connecting the points of the pyramid’s sides and the middle of the previously defined circle, then dividing the geometric angles in the north direction.
The second theory:
English archaeologist Kate Spence suggested that astronomical measurement methods were used in 2476 BC to track the polar stars in the sky and when the stars met and draw a line between them to intersect in the direction of true north.
She was Religious life in ancient Egypt in the afternoon Old Kingdom, It was discovered in Pyramid Texts after the death of the king, the king’s soul will ascend to the sky and join the polar stars that will guide him on the path to join God Ra “Sun symbol” one of The Egyptian Gods.
It was discovered that angles of inclination Giza Pyramids slightly different, but they are all towards the true north of the position of the polar stars in the sky.
The third theory:
To determine the direction of true north, a long rod was placed vertically on the surface of the earth, then the shadow was determined 3 hours before noon time, then a circle was drawn with the same length as the shadow, then another 3 hours after noon time, the length of the sun’s shadow became the appropriate measure to begin drawing lines to intersect with the circle. By drawing the angles, we begin to know the direction of true north.
It was discovered that it was an inaccurate and unprofessional method, as it did not give accurate geometric details of the true north direction.
The stage of establishing the foundations of the Great Pyramid of Giza:
String String Ceremony:
Meat and food are distributed to the general public on the occasion of the beginning of Isra, the four bases of the pyramid, and celebrations are held from singing and dancing throughout the regions of Egypt, in addition to ceremonies Religious beliefs in the civilization of ancient Egypt, Where a cow or cattle is slaughtered and the meat is distributed to the four corners of the Great Pyramid of Giza, then covered with sand, then offering sacrifices to Ancient Egyptian goddess.
King Khufu was present Celebration “Festivals in Ancient Egypt” Near the construction work for the Great Pyramid of Giza, the goddess was with himschat“Symbol of writing and measurement” which had titles in Pharaonic civilization like the “construction lady.”
Pharaonic papyri were discovered in Pyramid Architects in the era of the Pharaonic Old Kingdom, they had a high level of proficiency in accounting and mathematics, as the ancient Egyptian was able to master calculating the area of a square, a circle, a triangle, and what is the number one in modern mathematics now, in addition to mastering complex and simple engineering methods and theories, which enabled them to professionally plan the construction of this huge building with such high precision. .
Determine the axes:
After precisely determining the north-south axis along the western side of the Great Pyramid of Giza and the demarcation lines for the eastern, western and southern sides, and at one of the corners of the pyramid, a square is made at an angle of 90 degrees using the method of arcs and intersecting lines, so that the four sides are equal by about 20 cm.
The architectural planning of the Great Pyramid of Giza was done so that the area of the base = 230 square meters and the angle of inclination = 51 degrees, so that its height upon completion would reach 147 meters, and it would consist of 30 floors on top of each other.
The first stage of building Great Pyramid of Giza:
Method of transporting huge stones:
Soon secrets and facts will be written….
Where is the Great Pyramid located?
The Great Pyramid is located in the pyramids area in Giza Governorate. The pyramid of Khufu was built on a rocky bank on the west bank of the Nile.
What do you know about the Great Pyramid of Giza?
- Great Pyramid of Giza was built during the Fourth Pharaonic Dynasty between 2600 and 2500 BC.
- The Great Pyramid was built over a period of more than twenty years. It was built with the aim of being a tomb for King Khufu because the ancient Egyptians believed in life after death. They were preparing to build luxurious tombs equipped with everything the king would need in life after the resurrection.
- The engineer Hamiono was the king’s engineer responsible for building the Great Pyramid of Giza.
The height of the Great Pyramid is 481 feet, which is equivalent to 147 meters, and its base extends over an area of about 53,000 square meters.
How was this great pyramid built so great?
- About 2 million and 600,000 blocks of stone were used to build the Great Pyramid, and the weight of one stone ranges from 2.5 tons to 70 tons. All are red granite. Also, all these stones are held together for thousands of years without cement.
- For the construction of the Great Pyramid, nearly 100,000 workers were hired, including permanent and seasonal workers. Originally, they were farmers who joined the work of building the pyramids during periods of Nile flooding. The residences of these workers were discovered next to the pyramids.
What are the contents of the Great Pyramid of Giza from the inside?
- Inside the Great Pyramid there are three burial chambers, the Queen’s Chamber, the King’s Chamber, and a secret underground chamber. They are accessed through a tunnel called the Thieves’ Tunnel, and this tunnel leads to a sloping corridor called the Great Gallery.
- All these rooms are laid out symmetrically in red granite, and some granite slabs weigh more than 400 tons.
- All the walls of the room are decorated with many religious texts written in hieroglyphs.
- Once in the King’s Chamber, visitors see his lavish sarcophagus, but this sarcophagus is now empty.
pyramid of Cheops:
Secrets of architecture in ancient Egypt to build the (complete) pyramid of Cheops in Giza, Dynasty 4:
The pinnacle of architectural development in the Old Kingdom is the Great Pyramid built by Cheops in Giza, built by the king’s cousin, Minister Hem Iuno, and by virtue of his work as supervisor of the king’s work.
The construction of this pyramid required the use of more than 2 million limestone blocks, some weighing up to 15 tons, extracted from quarries close to the region, and the stones used in the exterior cladding are softer and purer stones. The pyramid of Cheops was built on 12 hectares and was 146 meters high (while the pyramid of Djeser was 60 meters high).
The geometric design of the pyramidal cemetery changed under King Cheops; the underground burial chamber of the pyramid of Djeser moved into a room integrated into the body of the pyramid, whose walls and ceiling were covered with huge granite stones, and as the tomb of the king was usually in the middle of the royal necropolis, small pyramids belonging to members of the royal family were found to the east and south, while the mastabas of the statesmen were located to the south.
On the east side of the pyramid, Cheops built his funerary temple, but only some of the foundations of the walls remained clear above the rock, and part of the floor of the temple hall made of basalt stone, these few, although small, provided archaeologists with enough evidence to attempt to make a sketch of the eastern part of the temple, which is quite different.
on funerary temples that were before him or built after him. The entrance to this temple leads to a large columned hall, a rectangle and its long axis from east to west, and the roof of the portico was mounted on granite columns, small pieces of which were found. The western part of this temple could be almost completely vandalized.
What is the price of a ticket to enter the Great Pyramid for the Egyptians?
- Entry fees to the pyramid of Khufu for adult Egyptians: 80 pounds only.
- The entrance fee for Egyptian students is only 40 pounds.
What is the price of a ticket to enter the Great Pyramid for foreigners?
- Entry fees to the Ambe Pyramid of Khufu for relatives are 400 Egyptian pounds.
- If the student is a foreigner, the entry fee is only 200 pounds.
