Theban Tombs

Theban Tombs – list Tombs of The Nobles in Luxor, Egypt – Egyptian Tombs

A list of the names of the most important Egyptian Pharaonic tombs in the Theban Funerary Cemetery in the Ancient Egypt civilization and what it contains of secrets of the life of the Egyptians to tell us the history of the Pharaonic civilization “Ancient Egypt History” and start visiting the tourist attractions in Luxor in addition to the rare archaeological tourist attractions in Egypt.

Theban Tombs list

Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna

1. The cemetery contains 146 graves of nobles and high officials of the Ancient Egypt Pharaohs.
2. The cemetery is named after the surveillance graves because it is located at the top of the mountain.
3. The cemetery of Sheikh Abdel Gorna is divided into two parts, the upper part contains graves of high-ranking statesmen of the government of ancient Egypt & Egyptian Pharaohs kings and priests of the temples, while the lower part was intended for the graves of employees and lower persons of social classes.
4. The cemetery is considered one of the largest cemeteries of dignitaries in a single sit on the west bank of Luxor.
5. It has been discovered that there is more than one tomb for one person, one at the top of the mountain and the other at the bottom, because when the priest or employee is promoted, he builds a second tomb at the top of the mountain in his name.
6. The cemetery of Sheikh Abdel Gorna at the time of King Amenophis III was completely filled, which led the ancient Egyptians to look for another cemetery near the Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens.

The architectural design of the Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurnain Theban Tombs:

• The design of the tomb was divided into an upper section with an inscription from the Book of Gates and the Book of the Dead, especially the views of the account, the sacred journey, and the lower section contains the inscription of the stages of the burial of the mummy and the narrative in the eternal world of the afterlife.
• The design of the tomb of the ancient Egyptians for the lower class consists of a courtyard, then a large hall, then a vestibule, then a niche containing a statue of the deceased and the titles of the deceased and an inscription of the deceased with the family and then a well to the burial chamber.
• All tombs in the cemetery of Sheikh Abdel Gorna date from the time of the dynasties 18, 19 and 20. Bas-reliefs, high reliefs or colorful drawings adorn the walls of the tombs. The depictions recount the daily activities of the tomb owner such as supervising agriculture, fishing, birds, and other views of the cemetery owner with his relatives and the daily life of the Ancient Egyptian in addition to religious and funerary inscriptions on the burial chamber, corridors and in the vestibule.

list of the names of the owners of tombs and what are the facts and secrets and architectural design of the tombs and the reason for the choice of the name of the site and more, prices of entrance tickets and visit dates to start your cultural tourist trip.

Why is the area called Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna?

The reason for this name is the presence of a mausoleum of Sheikh Abdel Gorna on the site.

Where are the Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna?

The cemetery is located in the area of the monastery ruins in southern Egypt in the city of Luxor on the west bank of the Nile.

The cemetery is located at the top of the mountain.

What are the most famous tombs of Sheikh Abdel Gorna Theban Tombs?

Tomb of Nakht: Theban Tombs

• The tomb exists 3400 years ago.
• Tomb number TT52
• The tomb was built at the time of the 19th
• Period of life of Nacht = Dynasty 18 dated 1401-1391 BC
• The tomb contains 3 small rooms: the façade, a corridor and the burial chamber.
• The tomb opened on 17 February 2017 after being fully restored by UNESCO and the Egyptian government.
• The interior plan of the tomb is in the form of the letter T followed by the architectural designs of all royal tombs in the time of the New

Tomb of Menna :

• Grave number :  TT69
• It was discovered that someone hammered the face of all the drawings depicting Menna the owner of the tomb on all the walls and then he erased the name of the God Amon from all the texts to avoid punishment in the second life after
• The tomb designs the same architectural designs for the tombs of the Pharaohs of the time of the New Kingdom on the letter
• The scenes and drawings that adorn the walls of Menna’s tomb are like those of Nacht’s tomb recording the daily life of agriculture and hunting in the civilization of ancient Egypt.

The tomb of Governor Sen Nefer the governor of the city of Thebes at the time of King Amenophis II, tomb No. TT96.

The tomb of Minister Rekh Mi Ra, at the time of King Thutmosis III and King Amenophis II of the 18th Pharaonic Dynasty, falls n° = TT100.

Tomb of the architect Senenmout, director of the Temple of Amon and architect at the time of Queen Hatshepsut of the 18th dynasty, tomb n° = TT71.

List of Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna in Theban Tombs:

Tomb of Khonsu “To, Ta” – TT31

Tomb of Djeserkareseneb “Djeserkaraseneb, Djeserka” – TT38

Tomb of Ipy “Amenemopet” – TT41

Tomb of Thiut “Tutemheb, Djehuty, Djehutyemheb”  – TT45

Tomb of Userhat “Neferhabef” – TT51

Tomb of Nakht and Tawy “wife” – TT52

Tomb of Ramosa TT55

Tomb of Senet “Antefoqer” – TT60

Tomb of Menna – TT69

Tomb of Ptahemhet and Roy – TT77

Tomb of Horemheb – TT78

Tomb of Amenemhat – TT82

Tomb of Amethu “Aametju, Ahmosis, Ahmose” – TT83

Tomb of Sennefer – TT96

Tomb of Rekhmire – TT100

Tomb of Senemiah and Piay, Pairy – TT127

Tomb of Nakhtamon – TT341

Tomb of Paheqamen “Pahekamen, Benia” – TT343

The address of the Tombs of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna Theban Tombs:

The west bank of the Nile, Luxor, Egypt.

Tombs of Gournet Merii

Where are the tombs of Gournet Merii?

The cemetery is located south of the graves of Sheikh Abdel Gourna on the west bank of the Nile in Luxor, southern Egypt.

What are the most famous tombs of Gournet Merii Theban Tombs?

• The TT40 tomb of the viceroy of Kushe, known as Amenhotep at the time of the King Tutankhamun of the 18th Pharaonic dynasty.
• The tomb of Mery Mess n° TT383 was the viceroy of Kushe at the time of King Amenophis III.

Facts and secrets about the tombs of Gournet Merii:

1. The mountain contains more than 900 pharaonic tombs.
2. Mountain El-Gorna contains 11  pharaonic  tombs of the pharaoh kings and queens of the pharaonic civilization.
3. So far, searches and excavations of Pharaonic tombs have taken place non-stop from missions around the world to Mountain al-Gorna.

List of Tombs of Gournet Merii Theban Tombs:

Tomb of Amenhotep Huy – TT40

Tomb of Amenemonet “Ameneminet” – TT277

What are the most important temples of Jabal al-Gorna Theban Tombs?

• The temple of Deir Shalweit.
• The temple of King Amenophis.
• Temples of Medinet Habou.
• Temple of King Amenophis III.
• The God’s cabin is contained.
• Funerary temple of Merenptah.
• Temple of Ramesseum
• Temple of King Thutmose IV.
• Temple of King Seti I
• The king’s temple is a prophet.
• Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut.

The address of the tombs of Gournet Merii Theban Tombs:

The left bank of the Nile, Luxor, Egypt

Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja Theban Tombs:

• The cemetery was used as a monastery for Copts in Coptic times, where their own Coptic monastery called Deir al-Bakhit was built.
• In 2017 AD, the Chancellor’s A17 cemetery whose name is pronounced Usser Hat or Wesserhat who was the head of the weighers and responsible for the grains of the village of Amon containing more than 1,500 statues of different sizes.
• In 2017, a tomb of Amenemhat, who worked as an ornier for the temple of Amun, was discovered inside the tomb with more than 90 statues of Shaoabti et a collection of colored coffins with some registrations External pharaonic containing a mummy, as well as a statue of Amenemhat, from his son Neb Nefer and of his wife and a collection of accessories and jewellery belonging to his Wife.
• In 2017, Tomb TT150 was discovered, especially with morgues, and more than 100 funerary seals and cartouches were discovered bearing the name of King Thutmose I.
• In 2018, a cemetery for mummification cabin manager Thao Er  Ghet-Ef  was discovered from the time of the 19th and 20th Pharaonic dynasties, and more than 100 statues of Chaouabti  and a collection of wooden coffins containing a mummy were discovered inside the tomb.

When were the Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja built?

Built during the 17th Pharaonic dynasty, cartouches were discovered for the first king,  one of the most important and famous kings of the  pharaohs

Where are the Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja Theban Tombs?

Located on the west bank of the Nile in Luxor in southern Egypt, the location of the tombs was chosen north of the Tombs of Al-Assassif in the same area of the site of Deir El Bahari and at the entrance to the dry bay where the Necropolis of  Thebes is located.

What are the most famous tombs?

A tomb of King Amenophis I and Queen Ahmes Nefertari.

1. Tomb of Shuroy No. TT13, of Shuroy, he was the head of the sacred boat bearers of the temple of Amun Ra.
2. Tomb of Roy n° TT255, property of the royal scribe Roy.
3. Tomb A5, owned by Pa Nefer Hetep, worked as a supervisor at the grain store.

List of Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja  in Theban Tombs:

Tomb of Shuroy – TT13

Tomb of Amenemope “Amenemopet’ – TT148

Tomb of Roy – TT255

 The address Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja Theban Tombs:

Necropolis of Thebes, the west bank of the Nile, Luxor, Egypt.

List of the tombs of El Khokha cemetery, Theban Tombs, Luxor

Tomb of Puimre TT39

Tomb of TT175

Tomb of Kenro “Neferrenpet” – TT178

Tomb of Ipuky and Nebamon – TT181

Tomb of Paroy “Djehutimes, Tuhmosis” – TT295

Tomb of Nefersekheru – TT296

Tomb of Nefermenu – TT365

What are the most famous graves in El Khokha Cemetery?

1. The tomb of the priest Pomery n° TT39, at the time of King Thutmosis III.
2. The tomb of the governor of Thebes Nefer Menou No. TT365.

The death of Nefer Menou, dates from the time of King Ramses II, also worked as a royal scribe.

The address of the Tombs of El Khokha Theban Tombs:

The west bank of the Nile, Luxor, Egypt.

Tombs of Al-Assasif:

1. The tombs contain  religious inscription of the pilgrimage to the The Temple of Abydos.
2. Drawings that represent the daily life of the ancient Egyptian Pharaohs kings such as agriculture and hunting, it was about hunting birds and fishing from the lake.
3. Pharaonic inscriptions for family celebrations and listening to music and dance.
4. Tombs of Al-Assassif | The history of the construction of the Pharaonic Tombs of the royal cemetery of Al-Assassif in the Necropolis of Thebes in Luxor in  Ancient Egypt Pharaohs.The discovery of more than 30 polychrome wooden coffins in an excellent state of conservation of the archaeological area of the cemetery of Al-Assassif.

   A list of all the graves of nobles and high officials. The dates of the visits and the prices of the entrance tickets to learn more about the secrets of the Pharaonic Civilization.

Discovery of the archaeological area of the cemeteries of Al-Assassif Theban Tombs:

• In October 2019,30 pharaonic polychrome coffins were discovered with mummies inside in the heart of Jabal El Gourna in the Al-Assassif cemetery on the west bank of the Nile in Luxor.
• All the coffins are colorful, and their colors and decorations are in a good state of conservation so far, including a collection whose pharaonic decorations have not been completed.
• Studies of Pharaonic coffins have shown that they belong to priests as well as children who were among the faithful to the gods Amun.
• The age of coffins dates back 3000 years.
• In each coffin the mummy was found in a good state of Archaeologists found the cachette on two levels. 12 coffins were assembled on the first level, then 18 coffins on the second level on top of the other, and then buried by the workers inside their graves.
• The discovery was made by the Egyptian mission, that had the authorisation of the excavations to be carried out in the archaeological area.
• The longest tomb that has been found is the one with the number
• The inscriptions and drawings of the pharaohs  on the coffins discovered were extracts rom the Book of the Dead and the inscription of the presentation of the offerings of King Amenophis I in addition to the inscriptions that provide offerings to the ancient Egyptian deities in accordance with their religious beliefs.
• Each coffin has a text in ancient Egyptian that immortalizes the name and function of the owner of the coffin.
• Many archaeologists believe that the most active period of the tomb robbers at the site is the period when the ancient Egyptians made the coffins to save the mummy from being robbed.
• All the coffins are currently being restored to be all displayed in the Grand Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

Where are the tombs of the nobles of Al-Assassif Theban Tombs?

Located on the west bank of the Nile in Luxor “Theban Tombs” in southern Egypt, where it is in the dry bay area north of the Tombs of Draa Abu Al-Naja.

What is the importance of the cemetery of Al-Assassif Theban Tombs?

It contains the tombs of nobles and high officials of the Pharaonic dynasties 18, 25, 26 of the periods between 1550 – 525 BC.

What are the most famous tombs of Al-Assassif Theban Tombs?

1. Tomb of Prince Kherou-Ef n° TT192 of the 18th Pharaonic dynasty.
2. Cemetery Pa Ren Nefer n° TT188 of the Pharaonic dynasty 25.
3. Tomb of Montou Em Hat No. TT34 of the 25th Pharaonic Dynasty
4. Tomb of Pabasa n° TT289 of the Pharaonic dynasty 26.
5. Tomb of the priest Pa Di Amon Ipet n° TT33 of the 26th Pharaonic dynasty.
6. Cemetery Mout Redi-es n° TT410 of the 26th Pharaonic dynasty.

Full list – Table of names of royal tombs at Al-Assassif cemetery in the Necropolis of Theban Tombs in Luxor:

Tomb of Kheruef “Senaa, Sesh” – TT192

Tomb of Samut “Kyky, Kiki” – TT409

Cemetery of El Muaalla

the civilization of Ancient Egypt the secrets and facts about the most important discoveries in the cemetery of El-Muaalla and the tombs of nobles, which tells us the daily life of the Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs and what are the dates of visit to the cemeteries and the prices of entrance tickets to start your cultural tourist trip.

• 7 tombs of nobles were discovered in the cemetery of the ancient village of El Muaalla, the most famous of which was the tomb of Ankh Tifi, governor of the province of Nekhen, during the reign of King Nefer Ka Ra.
• The cemetery of the nobles of El Muaalla was divided into two sections, each containing two tombs to the north containing a pharaonic inscription of the stages of grain storage and drawings of the daily life of the ancient Egyptian farmer in the Pharaonic civilization and then the 3 tombs of the south.
• There is a tomb in the southern part that is unfinished and does not contain inscriptions or pharaonic scenes.
• The cemetery of El-Muaalla contains the tomb of Prince Sobek Djet or Sobek Hotep.
• All the graves in the cemetery of El Muaalla were dug into the rocks of the mountain.

What are the most important The cemetery of El Muaalla Theban Tombs?

Tomb of Ankh Tifi :

Tomb of Ankhtifi

• The tomb was discovered in 1971.
• It was characterized by pharaonic inscriptions on the biography of Governor Ankh Tifi and daily life in the southern provinces.
• In the cemetery you will see scenes of fishing and hunting birds among the ancient Egyptians.
• You’ll see a scene depicting Governor Ankh Tifi overseeing the slaughter of cows and other activities he did during his lifetime.
• You will see an inscription of Akhkh Tifi with his wife in front of an offering table in addition to an inscription on the wall for a group of people who go out fishing and hunting with their equipment such as arrows and hunting dogs in addition to the rows of cows and donkeys that were used in the past in agriculture.
• The most important feature of the tomb is the representation of everyday life including one that depicts Ankh Tify standing with three hunting dogs and an inscription on a column representing work in the field a seeding scene made by a group of women.
• The tomb contains inscriptions of the most important political events that the Pharaonic civilization experienced in the first period, especially the strikes and famine that were suffered in southern Egypt.
• The tomb contains very important texts from the biography and achievements of Ankh Tifi, especially the famine that occurred during his reign.

Who is Ankh Tiffi? Theban Tombs

• Ankh Tifi was governor of Nekhen Province, an area between central Edfu and Esna, considered one of the oldest regions of ancient Egyptian civilization.
• Ankh Tifi worked during the first intermediate period, especially during the 10th Pharaonic dynasty.
• It was discovered that Governor Ankh Tifi was able to save the southern region from a major famine, providing grain and food to all the southern provinces such as al-Alal and Dendera provinces.
• Ankh Tifi was appointed governor to the entire province of Elephantine, the province of Edfu and the province of Armant, so he was appointed  governor of the country and the head of the  armies.
• One of Ankh Tifi’s most important achievements is to conduct military campaigns to eliminate tensions in the southern region, especially in the city of Thebes.

Tomb of Sobek Djet Theban Tombs:

The cemetery is 15 metres from ankh Tifi’s tomb.

Sobek Djet was a governor or administrator of important positions in the ancient Egyptian government in the first intermediate period.

The tomb contains 3 funerary columns.

On the right wall, you will see the inscription of the funeral procession burying the mummy of Sobek Djet, but it is dilapidated.

You will see inscriptions of a group of workers to transport the grain to the royal storages, then an inscription of Sobek Djet, his wife and son.

There are scenes showing the processes of agriculture, hunting and industry in ancient civilization, then an inscription of Sobek Djet with his wife and a group of offering holders.

Where are the tombs of El Muaalla located Theban Tombs?

Located on the east bank of the Nile, the village of El-Muaalla is 32 km from the city of Luxor, Esna, Luxor, Egypt.

Deir el-Medina Tombs:

History Of Egyptian & a complete list of the Pharaonic Tombs of the workers inhabitants of the city and what are the reasons for the first revolution and the first strike of the workers of history and what are the most important discoveries about the life of the ancient Egyptians, the dates of visiting the place, the prices of entrance tickets and more to start your tourist Luxor City Tours & Things to Do in Egypt.

1. Deir el-Medina was a suitable place to live for ancient Egyptian families, and special graves were found for workers and people who lived in the area from a cemetery for the man and his wife.
2. A dry well used in the past to throw pottery with love, complaint and prayer letters written on it has been discovered, as was believed in ancient Egyptian culture.
3. 5,000 pieces of pottery (ostracas) were found in a dry well next to the temple of Hathor with various love letters between lovers, inscriptions, family drawings and texts to describe their daily life.
4. In ancient Egypt, it was called Set Maat and means the land of truth or The City of Truth.
5. The area contains more than 50 graves for workers and supervisors with unique decorations and inscriptions.

Where is Deir el-Medina Theban Tombs located?

Deir el-Medina Located in Jabal al-Gurna, north of the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, in southern Egypt, Deir Al-Madina is part of the cemetery of the funerary city of Thebes.

Why was the city of Deir el-Medina built Theban Tombs?  

The main goal was to make the area a headquarters for the families of workers such as sculptors, writers, servants, and supervisors in the land of truth.

The workers went to the Valley of the Kings to dig tombs and other workers to decorate the royal tomb as well as sculptors to carve statues of the Pharaonic king.

The ancient Egyptians believed that after his death, the pharaoh king lived among the deities in heaven and then returned to earth on his own occasions and celebrations.

When was the city of Deir el-Medina built?

• It was built in the time of the New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt from 1570 to 1070 BC.
• The use of the region remained from the Pharaonic dynasties 18, 19 and 20.

What does the word “worker” in the land of truth mean?

All those who work in Deir el-Medina were called in the funerary city of the Pharaonic civilization Thebes where his role was to decorate and build the tomb of the Pharaonic king during his reign.

Table of the tombs of workers and craftsmen who lived in the city of Deir el-Medina “Deir el-Medina” in the Theban Tombs Necropolis in  Luxor:

Tomb of Sennedjem – TT1

Tomb of Pashedu – TT3

Tomb of Neferhotep I and Nebnefer – TT6

Tomb of Ramose – TT 7, TT 212, TT 250

Tomb of Neferhotep II – TT216

Tomb of Pabasa – TT279

Tomb of Inerkhau – TT359 and TT299

Tomb of Nakhtamon “Nakhtamun” – TT335

Tomb of Amenemhat – TT340

Tomb Queen Neferu II – TT319 “The Theban Tomb” in Deir el-Bahari.

Who is the discoverer of the city of Deir el-Medina?

• A Papyrus scroll was found indicating the place in the 19th century and antique pieces indicating the area were found in the late 19th century.
• Between 1905 and 1909 AD, the place was fully discovered by archaeologist Ernesto Schiaparelli.
• A full French mission under the direction of archaeologist Bernard Brewer dug until the houses and tombs of Deir Al-Madina were fully discovered between 1922 and 1951 AD.

Why was the Area of Deir el-Medina chosen in particular?

1. The area is one of the best areas surrounding workers’ work areas, located north of the Valley of the Kings, west of the Valley of the Queens and south and east of the funerary temples of the kings in Luxor.
2. It is considered an uninhabited area, and therefore was the main reason to maintain the secret of the construction of Pharaonic royal tombs in the Valley of the Kings and the Valley of the Queens.
3. The distance between the area and the workplace was very short and within walking distance without transport or effort.

Why do you call the area Deir el-Medina?

The name is due to the use of the area as a church and monastery of worship by the ancient Copts, where the temple of Hathor was converted into a church.

The plan of the city of Deir el-Medina Theban Tombs:

In the northern part you will see the Temple of the Goddess Hathor built in the Ptolemaic era as well as the Temple of the God Amon, built in the time of King Ramses II and small religious temples of King Sethi I and King Amenophis I “Egyptian Pharaohs kings”.

Workers’ strike of Deir el-Medina – Workers’ Revolution Theban Tombs:

Deir Al-Madina was subjected to great general workers’ revolts in the age of weakness of the Pharaonic dynasties, especially in the Iron Age, when food and drink sources dried up and there was no food source.

The first real revolution in history under the reign of King Ramses III, papyri and manuscripts were discovered telling us to send the workers a letter to the minister to be put in the hands of King Ramses III and the bull was calmed down but soon taken again and strongly due to the weakness of the reign of King Ramses III and entering the country fled economic deterioration with wars.

With the reign of King Ramses IX and King Ramses X, the workers’ revolutions returned because they did not receive enough food and drink while working in the Deir al-Madina area.

The revolution and the general strike between the workers lasted more than 45 years.

What are the reasons for the damage to the city of Deir AL-Madina Theban Tombs?

1. Do not pay workers’ wages.
2. The area and families are not enlarged by food and drinks.
3. Injustice of provincial leaders with workers.
4. Provincial rulers stole the treasures of royal tombs in the Valley of Kings and Queens.
5. Corrupt regional leaders cohabited with women married to workers, contrary to the culture and beliefs of ancient Egyptians.
6. One of the most important reasons for the workers’ revolution was that they worked long hours at the rate of 8 working days, then two days of rest and sleep in tents in addition to not contacting families where the worker has only 3 days off per month.

It was discovered that the workers’ revolution was taking place at night with torches, and despite the attempts of the provincial leaders to pay part of the wages, the revolution continued and the mass demonstrations took place in front of the Funerary temple of Merenptah.

The workers sent a letter to King Ramses III through the labor leader known as Ben Anoki, while the governor of the funerary city of Thebes escaped during the strike and revolution.

Who are the grave robbers? And how were the royal tombs looted?

The main reason for the formation of a gang to steal royal tombs, mummies, and king’s coffins, especially jewelry and gold treasures in the cemetery, was the state of great poverty in which the ancient Egyptians lived after the reign of King Ramses IV from 1155 – 1149 BC.

Grave robbers would dig a tunnel next to the royal cemetery until they reached the burial chamber, then stole all their treasures and jewelry.

A papyrus was discovered telling us the stages of the thieves’ conviction and they confessed  that they were often complicit with the  workers  supervising the cemetery to obtain a share of the stolen treasures.

Curiously, the treasures and booty are not returned to the royal cemetery but belong to the public treasury and are considered the private property of the ruling Pharaonic king.

What are the most important tombs in Deir el-Medina?

1. The tomb of Sen-Nedjem “No. TT1” is the most important tomb of the workers who operated in the Valley of the  Kings, it contains distinctive inscriptions and  drawings on the walls telling us about the life of the ancient Egyptians, the tomb was discovered in 1886 AD. by the French archaeologist Gaston Maspero.
2. The tomb of Khaa “No. TT8″,  which is special for the director and supervisor of the workers of the region of  Deir  Al-Madina, was discovered the mummy of Khaa and his wife Merit, the mummy was transferred  to the Egyptian section at the Museum of  Turin, the  tomb  was discovered in 1906 AD by an Italian mission.

What is the historical importance of Deir Al-Madina?

Discoveries of historical texts in the site Theban Tombs:

Texts in ancient Egyptian have been found inside the city, cemeteries, papyri, and paintings telling us…

1. The simple life of the ancient Egyptians of the village.
2. Messages of love and social relationships between people.
3. How did you record financial transactions in the civilization of ancient Egypt?
4. It was discovered how religious rites, culture, beliefs, and prayers were held by the ancient Egyptians.
5. Discovery of the artistic and literary culture of ancient Egyptians.
6. It was transformed into a church by  priests in the Coptic era of ancient Egypt.
7. The workers of Deir Al-Madina are responsible for the construction of royal tombs and nobles in the Valley of Kings and Queens.

What is the nature of life in the city of Deir el-Medina?

• The worker was called the servant of the place of truth or the servant of the place of the city of truth.
• The area of Deir Al-Madina = was 5,600 square meters and contained 68 houses.
• The area of the house does not exceed 70 square meters.
• All the houses have the same exterior and interior plan, where the walls are made of brick and white paint from the outside and color the interior walls and a wooden door consisting of 4-5 bedrooms and a high-level window.
• The region experienced a complete exodus of workers in the time of King Ramses XI due to the civil wars and the Libyan wars of 1110 and 1080 BC.
• The city monastery was subjected to a huge fire in prehistoric times, but King Thutmosis III completely rebuilt and restored the city’s buildings.
• King Akhenaton used a job in the Area of Deir Al-Madina to establish his new city at Tel Al-Amarna in Minya.
• The number of ancient Egyptian families in Deir al-Madina was estimated at around 400 and included more than 5,000 people.
• The houses of Deir Al-Madina were surrounded by a wall 132 meters long from the north and south and 50 meters to the east and west to protect 70 small houses for ancient Egyptian families.
• The height of the house above the ground = 150 cm of stone and without foundations.
• Customary penalties were introduced among workers in the region without reference to the court that was dedicated during the period of ancient Egypt, except for the death penalty for anyone, where the Minister of State had to first be consulted before the execution of the sentence.
• The worker’s monthly salary was estimated at 6% wheat per month, in addition to the entire end of the royal cemetery, such as barley, vegetables, water and pottery pots.

How to work in Deir el-Medina Theban Tombs:

• Handicrafts such as sculpture and writing were inherited between sons and fathers among the workers of the Deir Al-Madina region.
• The employment is divided into two divisions when the construction and decoration of the royal tombs begins, where the first division consists of 60 workers, two honorable people and an administrative editor to report them daily and register them and submit them to the minister and likewise the second division on the left side of the royal cemetery.
• The worker worked 8 days and took only two days off at the same place as the cemetery for 30 days, then took 3 days off to reunite with his family in the city, then returned to work.
• The minister has been following the work and decoration of the tomb for some time, then presents a report to the chief minister and then to the Pharaonic king.

Design of the workers’ tombs Theban Tombs:

The architectural design of workers’ tombs begins with an entrance into a building, then a brick courtyard, then a hollowed-out pyramid built on the surface of the earth where we live in tombs above a thin brick base.

Inside the hollow pyramid is a niche for the placement of a statue of the deceased worker as well as a vaulted compartment with walls containing inscriptions and drawings of the daily life of the Egyptian worker and funerary inscriptions.

A deep well was dug into the tomb, a staircase leading to a room and a few tombs containing two rooms, one of which was the burial chamber.

The burial chamber is decorated with an inscription of the deceased’s journey to the other world after his death and the design of the room was rectangular in shape with a vaulted ceiling and decorated in a unique and distinctive way.

The nationalities of the workers were Egyptians, Nubians and Asians, whose job was to carve stone, gypsum, transport water and more.

The only source of water for the workers was a well 35 minutes from the village.

The address Theban Tombs:

The Necropolis of Thebes, West Bank of the Nile in Luxor, Egypt.

Tomb of Nefer Renpet

The history of the construction and the secrets of the most important tombs in the Theban Necropolis on the west bank of Luxor of the Egypt Ancient.

The secrets of the tomb of Nefer Renpet, one of the officials in the place of truth in the Pharaonic civilization, the interior decoration of the cemetery and the secrets you never knew before about the pharaohs.

The tomb of an official Nefer Renpet, one of the officials   of the place of truth in the Ramesside era, is located behind the small temple located in the site of Deir El-Medina.

When you enter the water tomb, you will find a ladder that  takes you to a vaulted room and on the wall of pharaonic inscriptions as he worships with friends the sacred cow Hathor as well as drawings of him worshipping Horus, when you leave the room you find a ladder that  takes you to another room with pharaonic religious inscriptions of Horus and Thoth while they purify the owner of the tomb Nefer  Renpet and a scene depicting Amenophis I who worships the goddess Merit Sedjer and the goddess of the Necropolis Theban as it was once believed in addition to the solar disk as a protective  formula with representations of  lions.

When you enter the burial chamber of the tomb of the Nefer   Renpet, you will find drawings of two mummies of the official and his wife.

The Tomb of Iboui – Theban Tombs

The history of the most important tombs of the noble pharaohs in the funerary monastery of Thebes Deir Al-Madina in Luxor in ancient Egypt and the interior decoration of the tomb of the official Iboui and secrets that you did not know before about the Pharaonic civilization.

Located next to the rest home of the inspectors of the Ministry of Antiquities, the tomb of the chief of craftsmen Iboui who lived in the time of King Ramses II “Egyptian Pharaohs kings“.

When you enter the tomb, you will find pharaonic inscriptions for 6 units and scenes of agriculture in the time of the pharaohs, as well as inscriptions of the goddess Renenut, who was believed to be the lady of crops and vines, as well as drawings of hunting birds in the bushes during the reign of the ancient Egyptians.

You will also find fishing drawings, carpenters to make tomb furniture, a funerary complex, amulets, and other funerary objects that were placed in pharaonic tombs.

You will find inscriptions on the wall from the left of the entrance directly to the Pharaoh standing on the balcony imitating some footnotes as well as drawings of a view of the house of the owner of the tomb of Iboui and around him fig trees, water and flowers, in addition to 4 peasants  as they  work in the fields.

The Tomb of Sen Nedjem

The history and secrets of the construction of the most beautiful tombs of the craftsmen of ancient Egypt in the cemetery of Deir Al-Madina in the Theban Tombs on the west bank of Luxor and the interior architectural design of the tombs of the Pharaonic civilization and its chambers and how they were discovered and the secrets that you didn’t know before about pharaohs.

It is a special tomb for Sen Nedjem, a leader of craftsmen in the place of truth in the Ramesside era, the tomb with the vaulted ceiling was discovered in 1886.

In the tomb of Sen Nedjem you will find unique pharaonic drawings and inscriptions, where there are drawings depicting the life of Sen Nedjem in the eternal paradise of the afterlife according to funerary beliefs in the time of the pharaohs as well as funerary furniture of which several pieces have been  transferred to the Grand Museum Egyptian “Museums of Egypt” from Giza.

Note: Facts and secrets of the history Theban Tombs will be added soon…

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