Salah Al-Din Al-Ayyubi | Facts and history of King Saladin, Biography, Achievements, Crusades and more.
Facts and history of King Al-Nasir Salah Al-Din, founder of the Ayyubid state, what are his achievements and most important works, the wars in which he participated, his biography and more.
Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi or al-Malik al-Nasir is a Muslim leader and founder of the Ayyubid state, which united Egypt, the Levant, Yemen and the Hijaz, and Salah al-Din was able to eliminate the Fatimid Caliphate after it lasted nearly 262 years. Learn more information about Saladin’s life and history.
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Salah Al-Din Al-Ayyubi
When was the reign of Saladin?
His reign began from 1174 to 1193 AD.
What is the full name of Saladin?
Yusuf bin Ayoub bin Shadhi bin Marwan bin Yaqoub Al-Duwayni Al-Tikriti.
When was Saladin born?
He was born in the year 532 AH in the citadel of Tikrit in the Abbasid state.
When did Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi die?
He died in the year 589 AH in Damascus due to an infectious disease, and was buried in the Aziziyah School in Damascus, Syria.
Who is Saladin wife and children?
The wife is Ismat Al-Din Khatun, and the children are Al-Afdal bin Salah Al-Din, Al-Aziz Imad Al-Din Othman, Al-Zahir Ghazi.
What are the battles fought by Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi?
The Battle of Tal al-Jawz and the Siege of Karak, in addition to the Battle of Marj al-Ayoun, another battle called Kawkab al-Hawa and the Battle of al-Fula, in addition to learning about Jacob’s battle and other battles.
The birth of Saladin
• Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi was born in Tikrit in Iraq.
• Najm al-Din is Salah al-Din’s father, and Najm al-Din moved to Baalbek to be the governor of it for 7 years.
• Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi spent his childhood in Damascus, while he spent his youth at the court of King Nur al-Din Mahmoud bin Zangi, the emir of Damascus.
• It was known in the past that Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi was a scientist in Euclidean geometry, science, arithmetic, as well as Islamic law.
• There are other sources stating that Salah al-Din loved Islamic jurisprudence and the religious sciences.
• He was also interested in poetry and memorizing Abu Tammam’s Diwan al-Hamasah, and he also loved Arabian horses.
The beginnings of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi
• In the middle of the twelfth century, the Ottoman Empire began to take a separate form, which is the form of mini-states.
• The Fatimid state was the ruler of Egypt, while the Crusaders occupied the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea until the Sinai Peninsula.
• Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi gained wide fame because of the battles he fought when he was only 26 years old.
• The first battle in which Salah al-Din played a major role was the battle that took place in the Giza area against the Franks.
• Where Shirkuh saw that the place of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi should be in the middle, and Saladin was able to capture one of the leaders of the Crusader army.
• Before Salah al-Din, Egypt was the seat of the Fatimid state, and all the affairs of Egypt were in the hands of the ministers.
• Thus, Asad Al-Din Shirkuh became the first man in Egypt, and after Asad Al-Din died, the Caliph assigned the ministry to Salah Al-Din.
• Fatimid soldiers and princes tried to assassinate Salah al-Din shortly after he assumed the mandate.
• The instigator of this attempt was the confidant of the Fatimid Caliph.
• Salah al-Din was able to get rid of the guards of the palace of the Fatimid Caliph “Al-Adhid Li-Din Allah” with loyal guards.
Battles of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi
• The Crusaders carried out a campaign and siege on the city of Damietta in the year 565 AH.
• Salah al-Din sent his forces under the leadership of Shihab al-Din Mahmoud and his nephew.
• Nur al-Din went to the Levant and launched raids on the Crusaders so that he could somewhat protect Egypt.
• The siege left Damietta after a fifty-day siege because of the Damietta garrison.
• Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi carried out his armies of the Crusader army until the Battle of Deir al-Balah took place in the year 1170 CE.
• King Amouri I left Gaza City to fight Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi.
• Salah El-Din was able to conquer the Citadel of Eilat in the year 566 AH, and after the death of Al-Aded Li-Din Allah, Salah El-Din Al-Ayyubi became the actual ruler of Egypt.
• Salah al-Din started building his castle in Cairo in the year 573 AH, and Baha al-Din Qaraqosh was the supervisor of its construction.
• Salah al-Din, in the period after the failure of his wars in the Levant, was sitting in Egypt to supervise construction works, including schools.
• Salah al-Din also took care of the institutions that helped the paragraphs and refugees in mosques.
• He also made the Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque a shelter for strangers.
Palestine and Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi
• In the year 1177 AD, the Crusaders headed to the outskirts of Damascus, and thus the armistice was considered to have expired.
• Saladin gathered the men heading to Palestine to attack the Crusader positions there.
• The Ayyubid army reached approximately 26,000 soldiers, 8,000 elites, and 18,000 black slaves from Sudan.
• Salah al-Din continued his conquests against the Crusaders and attacked Ramle and Lydda, as well as the gates of Jerusalem.
• Because of the occurrence of many battles, the state of drought became dominant in the country, and thus the armistice began.
• At first Raymond III refused the armistice, but he was forced to accept it due to a defeat by the Ayyubid army.
