Ismail Pasha | Facts and history of Khedive Isma’il Pasha Ottoman viceroy of Egypt
Facts about Modern Egypt Civilization and the history of the most famous rulers and kings of Egypt in the Ottoman Empire. Discover his biography and the reason for his removal, his most important achievements and works in building the Islamic Egypt History, and more.
Khedive Ismail was a member of the Alawite family that ruled Egypt before he was deposed by the Ottoman Sultan due to pressure from England and France. His reign came with a set of traits and features that you will learn about below, in addition to another set of information about the Khedive..
Ismail Pasha Facts
When was Khedive Ismail born?
The Khedive was born on December 31, 1830 AD.
When did Khedive Ismail die?
The Khedive died on March 2, 1896 AD at the age of 62 years.
Where was Khedive Ismail buried?
The Khedive was buried in Cairo.
Who is Khedive Ismail’s wife?
Khedive Ismail married Shafak Nur Hanim, Jeshm Afat, and Jamal Nur Qadin Effendi. He also married Nur Falak Hanim, one of the children of Khedive Hussein Kamel and Fouad I, as well as Khedive Tawfiq..
The birth and upbringing of Khedive Ismail Pasha
Ismail bin Ibrahim Pasha bin Muhammad Ali Pasha, was born in Al-Musafer Palace in Al-Gamaleya Khana, the most famous Old Cairo neighborhoods.
He is the middle son among Ibrahim Pasha’s sons, Ahmed Refaat and Mustafa Fadel.
From a young age, Khedive Ismail learned the Arabic, Persian, and Turkish languages. He also learned sports, science, and nature.
At the age of fourteen, the Khedive went to the capital of Austria, Vienna, to receive treatment for his infection with purulent conjunctivitis and to complete his education.
The Khedive settled in Vienna for two years and then went to Paris with the Egyptian mission.
Khedive Ismail mastered the French language and loved French architecture.
The Khedive returned to Egypt at the time of his father Ibrahim’s mandate, and when Ibrahim died, Abbas Hilmi I succeeded him.
Every Ismail at the time hated Abbas Hilmi, who was his cousin, and the feeling was also mutual.
There were some problems after the death of their grandfather Muhammad Ali regarding the distribution of inheritance.
After that, the Khedive traveled to Istanbul and was appointed to the Ottoman Empire’s ruling council.
The Khedive then returned to Egypt after the killing of his cousin Abbas Hilmi, and his uncle Muhammad Saeed assumed the governorship.
His uncle sent him on a political mission in 1855 AD to Emperor Napoleon III, as his uncle wished to expand Egypt’s independence..
Khedive Ismail assumed rule of Egypt
Muhammad Saeed Pasha died on January 18, 1863 AD, and his brother Ahmed Rifaat Pasha assumed power after that..
Ahmed Rifaat was following in the footsteps of his grandfather Muhammad Ali and was able to get rid of the restrictions of the London Treaty.
Sultan Abdul Aziz I issued a decree giving Ismail the title of Khedive Ismail Pasha and amending the system of government by inheritance for the eldest son of the Khedive..
Khedive Ismail also obtained a complete firman through which he was granted independence in governance.
There were some exceptions, including paying the annual tribute and concluding any political treaty, which must be returned to the Sultan. He was also stripped of the right of diplomatic representation or the manufacture of military armor..
Khedive Ismail’s reforms
Khedive Ismail Pasha carried out a set of reforms, including transforming the Council of Consultations into the Shura Council of Representatives. He also gave the people the right to choose their representative..
Another reform is judicial reform, which gave local councils the right to consider civil as well as criminal cases.
The Khedive also limited the jurisdiction of the Sharia courts to personal status issues, abolished the consular courts, and established mixed courts as an alternative to them..
Another administrative reform he carried out was converting the office into a council. He also established local councils and established an administrative organization.
Khedive Ismail Pasha was able to dig the Suez Canal and also built the Abdeen Palace and the Khedive Opera House. He also built the Nile River Palace Bridge..
The Khedive developed railways and provided homes with water pipes.
He was able to increase the agricultural area in Egypt, in addition to increasing cotton lands and establishing a group of factories, including sugar factories.
He repaired the ports of Suez and Alexandria, and also dug the Ibrahimiyya Canal and the Ismailia Canal.
He was able to endow a group of lands for the construction of schools and also assigned Ali Mubarak to draft a law governing the educational system.
In addition to establishing the House of Books and the House of Sciences, he also established the House of Antiquities and the Geographical Society.
The Khedive was the owner of the first girls’ education school, the Sunni School.
Khedive Ismail was removed from power
It was noted that Khedive Ismail Pasha had a desire for independence, which caused concern for the Ottoman Sultan.
In addition to England and France’s greed to seize control of Egypt, they put pressure on the Ottoman Sultan in that period, Abdul Hamid II..
The Sultan issued a firman dismissing the Khedive on June 26, 1879 AD.
The Khedive moved to Naples, Italy, 3 days after the decree was issued, and then moved to settle in Istanbul..
The Khedive then died in Emirgan Palace in Istanbul, Turkey, which was considered his imprisonment after his removal from power..
There is currently a private square for Khedive Ismail located in Kom El-Dikka in Alexandria, and it contains a statue sculpted by the Italian artist Pietro Canonica..
The end of the representation was announced on December 4, 1939 and is located in Mansheya Square in Alexandria.
Note: Facts and secrets of the history of the Pharaoh kings will be added soon…
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