King Amenemhat III “Amenemhet III”| Ancient Egypt Facts, Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt in Middle Kingdom of Egypt, History life of the Egyptian Pharaohs kings, Secrets, Biography, Pyramid, Accomplishments, Mummy, Egyptian Antiquities and more about Ancient Egypt History.
The history and secrets of the lives of the most famous famous kings of the Pharaohs of the Middle Kingdom, the Twelfth Dynasty of the civilization of ancient Egypt, and what is the story of the Labyrinth Palace or the Labrante that baffled the world, which is considered one of the wonders of the world throughout history, the pyramid of Hawara and the black pyramid that the king built and more secrets of the kings of the Pharaonic civilization.
King Amenemhat III Facts:
Ruled Reign period in Ancient Egyptian Government: 1860–1814 BC “45 years”
Father: King Senusret III
How many wives did King Amenemhat III have?
Wife: Queen Aat, Queen Khenemetneferhedjet III, Queen Hetepti “Female Pharaohs“.
Children: Neferuptah, King Amenemhat IV, Queen Sobekneferu, Hathorhotep, Nubhotep, Sithathor.
The Discovery:
- Stone statues,
- Hawara Pyramid in Fayoum, The Black Pyramid in Saqqara,
- top of a stone pyramid,
- Alabaster statuette head.
- The mortuary temple in Hawara al-Fayoum, but it is demolished and the Labyrinth Palace in Karanis was considered one of the wonders of the world throughout history.
What were the achievements of King Amenemhat III?
- Carrying out major military campaigns into Sudan to protect the country’s borders from the south until it reached the Third Cataract.
- Celebrating the Sed festival every year as part of the Pharaonic Festivals in Ancient Egypt.
- Construction of dams on the Fayoum Depression, construction of the Lahoun Dam.
- The period of wisdom was a period of prosperity and general stability for the ancient Egyptian state.
- Carrying out military campaigns in Nubia, drawings were found on the rocks of Semna Castle.
- Sending mining exploration campaigns to Egypt’s southern borders in the Wadi el-Hudi and Wadi Hammamat area in the Red Sea to explore for purple and amethyst stones.
- Sending exploration campaigns for copper and turquoise, the most famous Ancient Egyptian Metallurgy, in Mount Al-Maghara, Sinai.
- Restoration of many temples, such as the Temple of God Hathor, the most famous Egyptian deities, and religious beliefs as in the Ancient Egyptian religion, and the restoration of Semna Castle.
Names and titles of King Amenemhat III:
- Pharaonic name: Amen-Um-Hat, which means Introduction.
- The royal name: Ni Maat Ra, which means justice.
- The Hurrian name: Azim al-Bass, and his first name is Ni – Maat – Ra, God Ra in Ma’iyyat al-Haq.
King Amenemhat III – Ownership assets:
Between the death of King Amenemhat I and the ascension of King Amenemhat III to the throne, approximately one hundred and twenty years passed, during which successive successions took place on the throne of Horus King Senusret I, king Amenemhat II, king Senusret II, and King Senusret III.
If we want to present the case of Egypt during that period, and especially during the last years of it, we find ourselves facing conflicting texts as in Ancient Egyptian Literature.
If we believe the inscribed hymn for Senusret III, the anonymous author of wisdom so famous, and the teachings of a father to his son, then Egypt was blessed with happiness and prosperity.
What are 10 facts about King Amenemhat III?
So great was the power of Pharaoh, that every one should come to his rescue without delay and with all his strength: do this, he will be thankful and remain among your dependents, and you will be well for ever. However, neither the pharaoh nor his entourage had confidence in the future, and this is what those around the court wanted to say.
In this same era, other texts and Egyptian Mythology refer to the presence of peoples surrounding Egypt and princes as in Geography of ancient Egypt. In fact, in Egypt itself there are Pharaoh’s subjects who are ready to revolt and rebel; Those who fight, threaten to fight.
It is not surprising that we find a lot in these lists, most of the cities of Palestine and Syria and their leaders: the peoples of the south, and Al-Tanhu and Al-Tamhu, two peoples from the West. Even Pharaoh’s subjects are mentioned in the aftermath of these supposed enemies and subjected to the same indignation.
The use of magic did not prevent the Pharaohs from resorting to concrete practical means. We have mentioned that King Amenemhat I built the prince’s wall in the east of the delta. To repel the Amu tribes that were carrying out plundering and plundering of the Delta.
In the south, they extended the borders to the first and second cataracts, and built fortified castles, but the names and fortresses do not dispense with their defenders if they lacked courage. Here, Senusret III inscribed a doctrine that he expressed in strong terms on the stele of the sixteenth year that was found in Semna, To indicate the development of the art of Sculpture in Ancient Egypt.
The sixteenth year, the third month of winter, the first day, His Majesty made the very pilgrimage. It made the border go further than it was estimated. I am a King Amenemhat III who says and does. What my mind plans, my care implements.
Aggressive when attacked and peaceful when successful, does not hold grudges in his heart.. Attacks if attacked; He remains silent when silence is necessary, and he answers and participates in the conversation if necessary. He remains silent after he attacks. This makes the opponent emboldened. He has the courage to initiate. because he who flees is a coward; Really (here is a word that may indicate dishonesty) to stay at your chest.
After these harsh sentences on the negroes, the King Amenemhat III ends his speech with warm hope for his successors:
He is one of my children, the one who maintains borders, and my majesty recognizes him, but that leaves fighting and defending them, because there is no one I have and I do not know him.
That is why my majesty has erected a statue on this limit that my majesty has reached, so that you may be firm and stern and fight to preserve it.
The titles of King Amenemhat III:
When King Amenemhat III wore the crown as king, he took his Hurrian name: Azim al-Bas, and his first name was Ni – Maat – Ra, Ra in Ma’iyya al-Haq.
Greek contemporaries and historians Egyptology often refer to the kings of ancient Egypt more by their first name than by their name. They wrote Ni Ma Aat Ra Labars, and it is true.
but also Ismandes and Noaris or Maurice. These names are different in their appearance, and they all came from Ni Maat-Ra and refer to the same personality. When he ascended, this King Amenemhat III was not.
very old; Because he ruled about 46 years, and it is generally rare to find pharaohs reaching or exceeding 65 years. If we give him twenty years when he ascended the throne, this is indicated by his statue, which depicts him as a young man at the age of twenty, which was found in Hawara.
The sculptor took care of the facial features, which is common in Egyptian art, and made the face radiate with a smile and far from frowning, and we can say that there are likable features for the young King Amenemhat III.
He might think of love, perhaps of mathematics like hunting, perhaps of war, provided it be honest and cheerful and free from the fears that usually accompany it, and there are no clouds over his horizon.
Exploration of turquoise mines:
The process of exploring turquoise mines continued during his reign as it was in the past. And in Byblos, the connections were ever closer to me The pharaoh and the King Amenemhat III of the country, which is called: Abishmo, called the ruling figure in Byblos the title of prince, which is equivalent to a very high rank among the Egyptians, when he is presented to the court in Itjtawy to conclude commercial exchange operations. In light of the recent discoveries in Byblos, this prince had great means;
He knows the Ancient Egyptian Language and writing very well, and he carved hieroglyphic inscriptions on his tracks, and upon the death of King Amenemhat III, he presented royal offerings to him as a prince, but due to the distance, these offerings contained some valuables as Ushabti Statue and Pharaonic Scarab, the most important of which are gilded obsidian vessels inscribed with the name of the pharaoh, and containing oil High quality perfume.
In this regard, King Amenemhat III continued the work of his predecessors, but the signs of his glory were in other areas.
Why did ancient Egypt build dams?
Since the era of the Old Kingdom of Egypt Since the beginning of the rule of King Djoser of the Third Dynasty of Egypt, snipers and hunters have avoided Fayoum, and the shores of the lake were wider than they are today, and were suitable for cultivation. Al-Lahun turned to the west, and its course deepened in a narrow gorge in the Libyan desert to pour into the lake.
This province is called “Baho Al-Janoub” in the south in a text from the Middle States, and the word “Baho” means a natural reserve, and at the same time a place designated for hunting and hunting as in Ancient Egyptian Sport. Each region has its own area, but Fayoum, due to its large area, was a “search” for all of southern Egypt.
Evidence of King Amenemhat III interest in the clouds is the many archaeological remains found in Kiman Faris (Shedet – Arsinoe Crocodilopolis) that bear his name.
This is also indicated by the report of the large expedition that was sent to Wadi Rohanu in the desert between Qift and the Red Sea, which brought ten statues five cubits high. “A stable is the life of King Amenemhat III in the God Sobek temple in Shedat”.
After that or a little earlier, an idea occurred to the pharaoh that he could be innovative and innovative if he completed the work of nature, meaning that the lake could absorb the surplus of the flood without it going to waste in the neighboring lands, and then we would return it to the Nile for a time when farmers needed water.
For this reason, Egyptology Strabon also says: They closed the entrances to the canal with closed gates. And before him, Herodotus also noticed that the water comes from the Nile River and pours into the lake within six months, and comes out of it within six months. This is what modern engineers did with huge means south of Aswan, and it was present with modest capabilities in Fayoum during the era of the Twelfth Dynasty.
Palace of King Amenemhat III
The Labyrinth is the second insignia of glory for Amenemhat III, and its construction was undoubtedly the result of moving Lake Morris. Most authors think that the Labyrinth is nothing but the Mortuary Temples of a King Amenemhat III, but the temples that resemble the anterior chamber of the pyramid are essentially relics of the King Amenemhat III cult.
We are reminded here of the events of the Covenant. They presented the King Amenemhat III in the company of gods and he received offerings from his lands.
The Labyrinth, as far as we can judge from the writings of the classical authors; Because the place where the ruins are now, was a large public building.
It was a large palace, and at the front of the palace there are chapels in the number of regions of Egypt as Karnak Temple in Luxor, according to Strabo, and divided, of course, according to Herodotus, into two separate series, with a courtyard between them.
According to Strabo, the delegation of each province would offer the Lerant a collective sacrifice and formally discuss important issues. Each delegation goes to the booth designated for its region “King Amenemhat III”.
This text has its significance. for now we have the white cabin that Chevrier reconstructed at crank; It is the impact of its foundations in the administrative geography of Egypt; On the one hand, we see the region of the south, and on the other side, we find regions.
Each field is dedicated to a region with its symbol, the name of the capital, the names of the gods, and the area. And Morris Lake was a great reserve, and the Labrantine was – but by and large – the equal of the White Cabin and the ruins of this kind, but by and large – the equal of the White Cabin and the ruins of this kind.
But instead of being limited to some basic information, its walls contain: Everything related to the regions, mainly their borders, the division of water among them, their income, their effects and worship. And the inhabitants of the provinces come, in order to remember and know the rights they have, and the duties imposed on them towards the King Amenemhat III.
And what amazed the Greeks:
What was said to Strabo that the Labrante was approximately equal to the size of the pyramid, and what was told to Herodotus that it was larger than the size of the pyramid, that it is the enormity of the effect and the large size of the stones that were used in the work of the roof, so when we climb above it we feel as if we are above a plain of stone, as well as the complex halls and their connection to corridors It was so lost that a foreigner could not walk without a guide.
We summarize what we said about Lake Morris and the Labrante, that they are both the work of one King Amenemhat III: Maurice, i.e. King Amenemhat III. Morris Lake is a huge basin, ready to receive the water carried by Bahr Yusuf during the flood and keep it and return it when the farmers need it.
and the labrante is a separate building where the inhabitants of the provinces find everything they need to know enshrined in its stones; Every time a dispute occurs between two neighboring regions, or between the residents of a region and the men of the central administration.
They find in the newspaper a document that ends this dispute, and it was inscribed after reviewing the old papers, which were examined by the best men of the archives and documents.
The name of the labrante raises the curiosity of the researchers. In their way to explain this name, they invented an expression such as:
Ra Bara – perjury, an expression for which there are no examples in the texts.
There is no doubt that the second part of the word labrant has been derived from the Egyptian word Ra-hant. An expression such as: the King Amenemhat III (or the god S) established (admired) Ra-hent, as indicated by the texts of the Middle Kingdom, which in Greek could become Labrante.
We have no real trace of the Labrantine; Because it was destroyed and reduced to a heap, or because its remains, large and small, have disappeared into the vestibule of FayOum.
Note: Facts and secrets of the history of the King Amenemhat III will be added soon…
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