{"id":397322,"date":"2023-09-04T23:18:48","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T23:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hurghadalovers.com\/chram-kalabsa-v-asuane-egypt\/"},"modified":"2024-05-11T10:43:18","modified_gmt":"2024-05-11T10:43:18","slug":"kalabsha-temple-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hurghadalovers.com\/sk\/kalabsha-temple-sk\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m je pr\u00edbehom stavby najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ieho fara\u00f3nskych chr\u00e1mov <\/strong>v Asu\u00e1ne v starovekej N\u00fabii starovekom Egypte<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Fakty o starovekom Egypte <\/strong>& Tajomstvo stavby chr\u00e1mu zasv\u00e4ten\u00e9ho bohu Horovi Mandolisovi<\/strong>, vn\u00fatorn\u00fd pl\u00e1n a n\u00e1pisy, ktor\u00e9 boli objaven\u00e9, aby n\u00e1s nau\u010dili viac o kult\u00fare Fara\u00f3nov <\/strong>civiliz\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/h2>\n

D\u00e1tum v\u00fdstavby: J.-C.<\/p>\n

D\u013a\u017eka: 76 m<\/p>\n

\u0160\u00edrka: 22 m<\/p>\n

Kedy bol postaven\u00fd chr\u00e1m Kalab\u0161a?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Chr\u00e1m bol postaven\u00fd za vl\u00e1dy r\u00edmskeho cis\u00e1ra Augusta<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4vody v\u00fdstavby chr\u00e1mu v Kalab\u0161i?<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Uctievanie boha Mandolisa<\/strong>, nubijsk\u00e9ho boha<\/strong> slnka, ktor\u00fd predstavuje jeden z r\u00f4znych aspektov boha Hora<\/strong> staroegyptsk\u00fdch fara\u00f3nov<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
  2. V tomto chr\u00e1me sa praktizovali kulty zasv\u00e4ten\u00e9 staroegyptsk\u00e9mu pante\u00f3nu, ktor\u00fd<\/strong> tvorilo nieko\u013eko bo\u017estiev, napr\u00edklad bohovia Amon Ra, Isis, Osiris, Khnum<\/strong> a Anoris<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ak\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 chr\u00e1m Kalab\u0161a?<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Druh\u00fd najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed chr\u00e1m, ktor\u00fd bol po ve\u013ekej z\u00e1chrannej akcii presunut\u00fd z p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho miesta na in\u00e9 miesto Chr\u00e1mu v Ab\u00fa Simbel<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
    2. Chr\u00e1m Kalab\u0161a dokonale reprezentuje spojenie architektonick\u00fdch a umeleck\u00fdch vzorov starovek\u00e9ho Egypta a R\u00edmskej r\u00ed\u0161e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Fakty o <\/strong>chr\u00e1me Kalabsha:<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. Dvakr\u00e1t do roka sa na chr\u00e1movej sv\u00e4tyni objav\u00ed jav kolm\u00e9ho slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svitu<\/strong>, a to 14. febru\u00e1ra a 29. okt\u00f3bra.<\/li>\n
      2. Chr\u00e1m bol po v\u00fdstavbe Vysokej priehrady<\/strong> v Asu\u00e1ne zatopen\u00fd pod vodami N\u00edlu<\/strong> a v roku 1975 bol v\u010faka grantu od Spolkovej republiky Nemecko na dva roky premiestnen\u00fd z miesta, kde sa nach\u00e1dzal v N\u00e1sirovom jazere<\/strong>, na s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 miesto.<\/li>\n
      3. Chr\u00e1m bol premenen\u00fd na kostol <\/strong>v koptsk\u00fdch \u010dasoch<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
      4. Do chr\u00e1mu bolo zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 vstupova\u0165 a chova\u0165 v \u0148om o\u0161\u00edpan\u00e9.<\/li>\n
      5. Chr\u00e1m bol postaven\u00fd na zni\u010den\u00fdch ruin\u00e1ch chr\u00e1mu kr\u00e1\u013ea Amenofisa III.<\/strong><\/li>\n
      6. Kedysi sa volal Karnak <\/strong>v N\u00fabii<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
      7. Chr\u00e1m bol premiestnen\u00fd na ostrov Khour<\/strong> Angie v od\u013eahlej oblasti ju\u017ene od Vysokej priehrady v Asu\u00e1ne.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u010co znamen\u00e1 slovo „kalabasha“?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Slovo Kalabsha v staroegyptskom jazyku<\/strong> znamen\u00e1 Telmes a n\u00e1zov sa v gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmskych \u010dasoch vyslovoval Talmis.<\/p>\n

        Etapy v\u00fdstavby chr\u00e1mu:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Kr\u00e1\u013e <\/strong>Thutmosis III <\/strong>postavil mal\u00fd pohrebn\u00fd chr\u00e1m.<\/li>\n
        2. Kr\u00e1\u013e Amenofis II.<\/strong> dokon\u010dil cel\u00fd chr\u00e1m.<\/li>\n
        3. Kr\u00e1li z dynastie Ptolemaiovcov<\/strong> postavili st\u013apy Ve\u013ekej s\u00e1ly.<\/li>\n
        4. Cis\u00e1r Augustus<\/strong> chr\u00e1m \u00faplne prestaval do s\u00fa\u010dasnej podoby.<\/li>\n
        5. R\u00edmsky cis\u00e1r Gaius<\/strong> vytvoril kresby a n\u00e1pisy na nadpra\u017e\u00ed dver\u00ed hlavn\u00e9ho vchodu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Pl\u00e1n interi\u00e9ru Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/strong>:<\/h3>\n

          Tento chr\u00e1m postaven\u00fd z pieskovcov\u00fdch kv\u00e1drov sa nach\u00e1dza na jedine\u010dnom mieste starovekej N\u00fabie.Chr\u00e1m bol v roku 1970 premiestnen\u00fd na z\u00e1padn\u00fd breh N\u00edlu s v\u00fdh\u013eadom na N\u00e1sirovo jazero z p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho miesta 55 km ju\u017ene od Asu\u00e1nu, aby sa mohla postavi\u0165 Vysok\u00e1 priehrada.<\/p>\n

          Chr\u00e1m sa sklad\u00e1 z ve\u013ek\u00e9ho pyl\u00f3nu s ve\u013ek\u00fdm vchodom, ktor\u00fd vedie na n\u00e1dvorie, \u010falej z Hypostylovej siene, na ktorej z\u00e1vesoch uvid\u00edte gr\u00e9cke n\u00e1pisy, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s zaved\u00fa do chr\u00e1movej sv\u00e4tyne.<\/p>\n

          Obklopuj\u00fa ho 3 chodby, p\u00f4rodn\u00e1 komora naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 Mamisi<\/strong> sa nach\u00e1dza na juhoz\u00e1pade chr\u00e1mu, najm\u00e4 Bezes, ako aj kaplnka na severov\u00fdchode chr\u00e1mu.<\/p>\n

          Uvid\u00edte tie\u017e dvojve\u017eov\u00fd pyl\u00f3n, nad ktor\u00fdm m\u00f4\u017eete po\u010das osl\u00e1v vyvesi\u0165 vlajky, a potom schody vo vn\u00fatri ka\u017edej ve\u017ee, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s doved\u00fa do 3 miestnost\u00ed, tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 miestnos\u0165 je nad sebou.<\/p>\n

          V chr\u00e1me sa nach\u00e1dza ve\u013ek\u00e1 br\u00e1na vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 9,70 m a na vrchole br\u00e1ny s\u00fa n\u00e1pisy slne\u010dn\u00e9ho disku a kresby kr\u00e1\u013ea Ramzesa prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00faceho obety bohom, okrem toho k\u00fasky n\u00fabijsk\u00fdch staro\u017eitnost\u00ed z Ptolemaiovej kaplnky, chr\u00e1mu Beit al-Wali a n\u00e1pisy zobrazuj\u00face v\u00ed\u0165azstv\u00e1 nad N\u00fabijcami, Eti\u00f3p\u010danmi, \u00c1zij\u010danmi a L\u00edbyj\u010danmi.<\/p>\n

          Uvid\u00edte tie\u017e n\u00e1pisy na kopcoch kr\u00e1\u013ea Ramzesa II. po\u010das vojen a vojensk\u00fdch bitiek, ktor\u00e9 viedol, a do chr\u00e1mu Kalab\u0161a sa dostanete tax\u00edkom alebo lo\u010fou v z\u00e1vislosti od aktu\u00e1lneho stavu vody na N\u00edle.<\/p>\n

          \u010eal\u0161ie chr\u00e1my <\/strong>v bl\u00edzkosti chr\u00e1mu <\/strong>Kalabsha na tom istom <\/strong>ostrove:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Chr\u00e1m Beit al-Wali: Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Postaven\u00fd po\u010das vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1\u013ea Ramzesa II. <\/strong>, pozost\u00e1va z otvoren\u00e9ho n\u00e1dvoria, sv\u00e4tyne a skalnatej haly. Na jeho sten\u00e1ch s\u00fa v\u00fdjavy zobrazuj\u00face Ramzesa II., ako prij\u00edma tovar, ktor\u00fd jeho gener\u00e1li priviezli z Afriky, napr\u00edklad \u017eiv\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1, ako s\u00fa \u017eirafy, opice a kravy, ako aj myrhu, luxusn\u00e9 kadidlo, ktor\u00e9 sa p\u00e1lilo po\u010das bohoslu\u017eieb vo sv\u00e4tyniach staroegyptsk\u00fdch chr\u00e1mov. Na \u00farovni chr\u00e1movej sv\u00e4tyne sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa polychr\u00f3movan\u00e9 v\u00fdjavy Ramzesa, ktor\u00fd obetuje viacer\u00fdm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm bo\u017estv\u00e1m, ako s\u00fa Chnum, Satet, Anoukis, Selket, Neith a pred v\u0161etk\u00fdmi bohmi ich kr\u00e1\u013e Amon Ra.<\/p>\n

          Chr\u00e1m D\u017earf Husajn: Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Chr\u00e1m bol postaven\u00fd po\u010das vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1\u013ea Ramzesa II.<\/p>\n

          Chapelle de <\/strong>Karitassi:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Kaplnka postaven\u00e1 v gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmskych \u010dasoch na ploche 25 \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch metrov bola zasv\u00e4ten\u00e1 bohyni Hathor, ke\u010f\u017ee tvar hlav\u00edc jej st\u013apov je v hathorskom \u0161t\u00fdle. Kaplnka bola po pres\u0165ahovan\u00ed v roku 1963 obnoven\u00e1.<\/p>\n

          Kaplnka<\/strong> N\u00fabijsk\u00e9ho boha Dodona: Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Je to kaplnka vytesan\u00e1 do skaly, ktor\u00fa tvor\u00ed n\u00e1dvorie so \u017eulov\u00fdmi st\u013apmi zdoben\u00fdmi fara\u00f3nskymi n\u00e1pismi.<\/p>\n

          Otvoren\u00e9 Kalab\u0161a chr\u00e1m<\/strong>:<\/h3>\n

          M\u00fazeum obsahuje:<\/p>\n